How Christmas in America Became a Secular National Holiday
Christmas in America has lost most of its religious meaning. Commercialization and gift-giving accelerated the process, but they did not start it. The result is the Christmas we know today: a holiday that can be sacred, sentimental, commercial, or purely cultural, depending on who you ask. As early as the 1870s, Christmas in America began to change from essentially a religious to a secular national holiday, a process accelerated by commercialization and the custom of gift-giving. When Americans today debate whether Christmas is “religious” or “secular,” they often assume the holiday has always been both. Historically, that assumption is wrong. In fact, Christmas in the United States underwent a deliberate and well-documented transformation, one that accelerated in the late 19th century, particularly after the 1870s. Understanding how and why this happened requires stepping back to early American attitudes toward Christmas, which were far less sentimental than what we recognize tod...